When the facts of a new case differ from the previous one, courts and lawyers must carefully analyze whether the issues at hand are substantially the same or genuinely distinct. If the cause of action, subject matter, or rights being contested are different, Res Judicata will not apply, since the doctrine is limited to preventing the re-litigation of identical issues already adjudicated. Lawyers should clearly highlight the differences in facts, legal grounds, or relief sought to demonstrate that the new case is independent of the earlier one. Courts, on the other hand, must scrutinize whether the apparent changes are real or merely an attempt to disguise repetitive claims. This balanced approach ensures that Res Judicata is applied only where appropriate, while still allowing fresh disputes to be heard fairly.
