The doctrine of forum non conveniens refers to a court’s discretionary power to decline jurisdiction over a case when there exists another forum that is more appropriate, convenient, and suitable for the interests of justice. It ensures that legal proceedings are conducted in the location most closely connected to the dispute, considering factors like the convenience of parties and witnesses, availability of evidence, and the overall fairness of the trial. To apply it effectively, one must evaluate whether another forum can better serve justice without causing hardship or delay. The doctrine aims to prevent misuse of jurisdictional choices and to promote efficient, fair, and practical adjudication of cross-border or multi-jurisdictional disputes.
